DIVERSIFIED TEA VARIETIES IN INDIA

During the early eighteenth century, success of tea cultivation experiments in Darjeeling and Assam; endeavors in other parts of India with similar conditions were undertaken. These efforts led to a thriving industry in at least ten distinct tea producing regions of North-East and south India.





DARJEELING TEA:
Darjeeling has been growing the Chinese variety of the tea plant since 1841. But unlike other regions that grow this variety, the environment of Darjeeling has a unique and magical effect on the tea bush. Part of this magic can be explained by science, and part of it remains an endearing mystery.
Darjeeling tea is sold at very high premiums in the international market due to its Muscatel flavor (or a musky spiciness). This flavor cannot be replicated in any other market because Darjeeling tea has a geographical indication (GI) status that is protected worldwide. The GI status has been provided to only 87 tea gardens in the region that produce around 10,000 tonnes of tea annually.

DOOARS AND TERAI TEA:
The first plantation in Terai was named Champta, and it was set up by James White in 1862. Subsequently, the Dooars region saw its first tea plantation in the form of Gazeldubi. In Dooars, the Assamese tea plant was found to be more suitable.
Today, Dooars and Terai have a combined annual production of 226 million kg of tea, which accounts for around 25% of India's total tea crop. Tea from Dooars is described as clear, black, heavy with good volumetric count. The first flush has a fresh virgin flavor, good brightness and fragrance while the second flush is more brisk. This tea variety also plays a reducer role in very strong blends. Terai tea, on the other hand, is known for its spicy and slightly sweet taste.

ASSAM TEA:
Tea plantations in Assam grow the Camelia Sinensis var Assamica variety of the tea plant. Assam is the only region globally where tea is grown in plains, and also the only other region apart from Southern China, which grows its own native tea plant.
Tea from Assam has rich, full bodied, deep-amber liquor with a brisk, strong and malty taste, making it ideal for the early morning cup. Second flush orthodox Assam teas are extremely popular for their distinctive taste and bright liquor.

ANNAMALAIS TEA:
The Annamalais, a range of hills with altitudes from 900 to 1,600 metres between Kerala and Tamil Nadu, have around 12,000 hectares under tea cultivation. The tea from Annamallais generates brisk and bright golden saffron liquor in the cup. It has a strong flavor and a medium to high tone fragrance with biscuit to floral notes. Annamalais tea is regarded as the ideal refresher early in the morning.

TRAVANCORE TEA:
Coffee production was started by JD Monro in 1862, and tea production started two years later. After the dreaded leaf disease began to hit coffee plants in 1875, the focus shifted rapidly towards tea cultivation.
By 1906, tea plantations covered 8,000 acres, while coffee farms were reduced to just around 500 acres. The tea has medium fragrance with reddish liquor and yellow tinge. It has a balanced body and briskness - ideal for the elevenses (the British urge for tea and a light snack at around 11 am) and also for evening time.

MUNNAR TEA:
Tea was first grown in Munnar by AH sharp at the Sevenmalley estate. Tea from Munnar produces golden yellow liquor with strong body, refreshing briskness and a hint of fruit. It has a clean, medium toned fragrance, which is described as being akin to that of sweet biscuit in a dip of malt.

NILGIRI TEA:
Nilgiri tea is named after the Nilgiris, or Blue Mountains, where it is grown at elevations ranging from 1,000 metres to 2,500 metres. The mountains get their name from the saxe-blue kurinji flower, which blooms once every 12 years. The region receives an annual rainfall of 60 to 90 inches. The weather conditions provide Nilgiri teas with a characteristic briskness, exceptional fragrance and exquisite flavor. The tea is golden yellow in color, provides a creamy taste in the mouth and has notes of dusk flowers.
Nilgiri tea has also been registered as a GI in India, and around 92 million kg of this tea are produced every year - around 10% of India's total tea production.

WAYANAAD TEA:
Like Annamalais, planters started with coffee cultivation in Wayanad in 1845. The first tea plantation was set up over a few acres at the New Hope estate in Ouchterlony Valley in 1874.Tea from Wayanad is medium toned with a clean fragrance and produces earthy reddish, full bodied liquor in the cup. The beverage is light on briskness and mild and mellow with biscuit notes.

KARNATAKA TEA:
Karnataka is the coffee hub of India, but also produces around 5 million kg of tea every year. Tea plantations are mostly located around Chikmagalur, which is located in the Baba Budan Hills of the Sahyadris range. This area has a clean and healthy climate that's ideal for tea plantations. Teas from Karnataka produce golden ochre liquor with a fair amount of briskness and body. They have a simple, balanced character and are medium toned. It can be consumed twice or thrice daily.

KANGRA TEA:
Kangra tea is now cultivated across an area of 2,063 hectares in Kangra and Mandi districts. The Kangra valley is located on the foothills of the snow-capped Dhauladhar Mountains, at an altitude of around 1,500 m above sea level and an average rainfall of 230-250 cm.


The Kangra region is famous for its range of green teas (Hyson, Young Hyson and coarse grades) and black teas (Pekoe, Pekoe Suchong, Coarse teas and Fannings) and are globally renowned for their exquisite flavor.

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